2024-06-18 00:56:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
tags:
|
|
|
|
|
- 代码块
|
|
|
|
|
- 源码
|
|
|
|
|
- 串口
|
|
|
|
|
- 不定长
|
|
|
|
|
- 解析
|
2024-06-18 01:06:36 +00:00
|
|
|
|
- 状态机
|
2024-06-18 00:56:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
# 如何高效解析不定长度的协议帧?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
嵌入式应用研究院 _2022-02-20 21:16_
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
通信设计中考虑协议的灵活性,经常把协议设计成“不定长度”。一个实例如下图:锐米LoRa终端的通信协议帧。
|
|
|
|
|
![[Pasted image 20240618084710.png]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果一个系统接收上述“不定长度”的协议帧,将会有一个挑战--如何高效接收与解析。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
为简化系统设计,我们强烈建议您采用“状态机”来解析UART数据帧,并且把解析工作放在ISR(中断服务程序)完成,仅当接收到最后一个字节(0x0D)时,再将整个数据帧提交给进程处理。该解析状态机的原理如下图所示:
|
|
|
|
|
![[Pasted image 20240618084749.png]]
|
|
|
|
|
那么ISR处理这个状态机来得及吗?答案是:so easy!因为它只有3个动作,运算量十分小:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
比较接收数据 -> 更新状态变量 -> 存储接收数据,C语言仅3条语句,翻译成机器指令也不超过10条。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
更多信息与源代码下载请链接:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
> http://www.rimelink.com/nd.jsp?id=38&_np=105_315
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
代码清单如下:
|
|
|
|
|
```c
|
2024-06-20 00:45:57 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* @brief Status of received communication frame
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
typedef enum
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
STATUS_IDLE = (uint8_t)0,
|
|
|
|
|
STATUS_HEAD, /* Rx Head=0x3C */
|
|
|
|
|
STATUS_TYPE, /* Rx Type */
|
|
|
|
|
STATUS_DATA, /* Data filed */
|
|
|
|
|
STATUS_TAIL, /* Tail=0x0D */
|
|
|
|
|
STATUS_END, /* End of this frame */
|
|
|
|
|
} COMM_TRM_STATUS_TypeDef;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* @brief Data object for received communication frame
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
typedef struct
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
uint8_t byCnt; /* Count of 1 field */
|
|
|
|
|
uint8_t byDataLen; /* Length of data field */
|
|
|
|
|
uint8_t byFrameLen; /* Length of frame */
|
|
|
|
|
COMM_TRM_STATUS_TypeDef eRxStatus;
|
|
|
|
|
uint8_t a_byRxBuf[MAX_LEN_COMM_TRM_DATA];
|
|
|
|
|
} COMM_TRM_DATA;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* @brief Data object for received communication frame.
|
|
|
|
|
* @note Prevent race condition that accessed by both ISR and process.
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
static COMM_TRM_DATA s_stComm2TrmData;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* @brief Put a data that received by UART into buffer.
|
|
|
|
|
* @note Prevent race condition this called by ISR.
|
|
|
|
|
* @param uint8_t byData: the data received by UART.
|
|
|
|
|
* @retval None
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
void comm2trm_RxUartData(uint8_t byData)
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
/* Update status according to the received data */
|
|
|
|
|
switch (s_stComm2TrmData.eRxStatus)
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
case STATUS_IDLE:
|
|
|
|
|
if (COMM_TRM_HEAD == byData) /* Is Head */
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
s_stComm2TrmData.eRxStatus = STATUS_HEAD;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
goto rx_exception;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
case STATUS_HEAD:
|
|
|
|
|
if (TYPE_INVALID_MIN < byData && byData < TYPE_INVALID_MAX) /* Valid type */
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
s_stComm2TrmData.eRxStatus = STATUS_TYPE;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
goto rx_exception;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
case STATUS_TYPE:
|
|
|
|
|
if (byData <= MAX_LEN_UART_FRAME_DATA) /* Valid data size */
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
s_stComm2TrmData.eRxStatus = STATUS_DATA;
|
|
|
|
|
s_stComm2TrmData.byDataLen = byData;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
goto rx_exception;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
case STATUS_DATA:
|
|
|
|
|
if (s_stComm2TrmData.byCnt < s_stComm2TrmData.byDataLen)
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
++s_stComm2TrmData.byCnt;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
s_stComm2TrmData.eRxStatus = STATUS_TAIL;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
case STATUS_TAIL:
|
|
|
|
|
if (COMM_TRM_TAIL == byData)
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
/* We received a frame of data, now tell process to deal with it! */
|
|
|
|
|
process_poll(&Comm2TrmProcess);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
goto rx_exception;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
default:
|
|
|
|
|
ASSERT(!"Error: Bad status of comm2trm_RxUartData().\r\n");
|
|
|
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* Save the received data */
|
|
|
|
|
s_stComm2TrmData.a_byRxBuf[s_stComm2TrmData.byFrameLen++] = byData;
|
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
rx_exception:
|
|
|
|
|
ClearCommFrame();
|
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
2024-06-18 00:56:51 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
****原文:https://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunjie_2005/article/details/50619884****
|